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There have been lots of studies into the positive impacts of having pets around us — but this study just published looked at brain activation patterns while being with a dog, petting a dog and with an ersatz cuddly toy lion.
The research showed that brain activation patterns were highest when petting dogs — unsurprising because this was the most interactive condition in the study. The researchers saw increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and notably in the medial prefrontal cortex which is associated with human social functions.
More surprisingly was that the cuddly toy elicited smaller responses — obvious you may think but in this study the cuddly toy was filled with a hot water bottle to be at the same temperature as a live dog and to have a similar fur texture. This was to elicit a response as close to the real thing as possible.
The response was lowest for the cuddly lion (but it did elicit a response) — possible because of the social activation as we realise it is not a live animal.
What was also interesting is that the response for petting the dog lingered on for a lot longer than any of the other conditions.
This shows that the response is not only in the moment but also has a lasting impact — that’s one reason to have pets but also an important consideration in animal assisted clinical therapy.
